Founded in 1996, The Korean Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (KSBMT) was previously called the Korea Research Council of Bone Marrow Transplantation. The first scientific meeting of the Council was held on February 6, 1991, with the participation of 16 members. The Council held roundtable meetings every month to present and exchange clinical experience among members, which contributed to the development of bone marrow transplantation in Korea. The Council also played a leading role in ensuring that bone marrow transplantation was covered by the national health insurance starting from October, 1992. The necessity of founding a society was raised to increase the number of hospitals that performed bone marrow transplantation, increase the number of members, and create advocacy for the new discipline of stem cell transplantation. In this setting, around 130 members gathered together in spring of 1996 to establish the KSBMT.